Examine the cooling of hot water, with the goal of creating a model that describes the process. Assignment Title: Law of Cooling Lab
Examine the cooling of hot water, with the goal of creating a model that describes the process.
Assignment Title: Law of Cooling Lab
Introduction
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Newton’s Law of Cooling
A container of hot water at temperature, T, placed in a room of lower temperature Troom, will result in an exchange of heat from the hot water to the room. The water will eventually cool to the same temperature as the room. You observe this cooling process every time you wait for a hot drink to cool. In this experiment, you will examine the cooling of hot water, with the goal of creating a model that describes the process. You can also predict the time it takes for the hot water to cool to room temperature.
Isaac Newton modeled the cooling process by assuming that the rate at which thermal energy moved from one body to another is proportional (by a constant, k) to the difference in temperature between the two bodies, Tdiff. In the case of a sample of water cooling in room temperature air:
cooling rate = -kTdiff
From this simple assumption, he showed that the temperature change is exponential in time and can be predicted by:
Tdiff = T0 e-kt
where T0 is the initial temperature difference. Exponential changes are common in science. Systems in which a rate of change is proportional to the changing quantity show exponential behavior.
To complete this experiment in a short time, you will use a small quantity of hot water, at a temperature about 30°C above room temperature. A Temperature Probe will record the water’s temperature as it cools.
Objectives
Use a Temperature Probe to record the cooling process of hot water.
Test Newton’s law of cooling using your collected water temperature data.
Use Newton’s law of cooling to predict the temperature of cooling water at any time.
Materials
Laptop
Vernier Logger Pro
Vernier Stainless Steel Temperature Probe
Cup
Hot water (50–60°C)
Directions
Work in your assigned groups to complete the following tasks:
Answer the Preliminary Questions in complete sentences.
Follow the Procedure to collect data using Vernier equipment.
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