Read the attached ethical situations. Choose one of the case study scenarios and answer the questions that follow it (Autonomy, Euthanasia, Oregon Death with Dignity Act, Assisted Reproduction, Universal Health Care, and Bioterrorism). Consider the nurses role, legal considerations, and the ethical principles involved.
Read the attached ethical situations. Choose one of the case study scenarios and answer the questions that follow it (Autonomy, Euthanasia, Oregon Death with Dignity Act, Assisted Reproduction, Universal Health Care, and Bioterrorism). Consider the nurses role, legal considerations, and the ethical principles involved.
Week 4 Discussion Question 1
Read the attached ethical situations. Choose one of the case study scenarios and answer the questions that follow it. You may use this document to write your responses, then copy and paste JUST THE SCENARIO and responses to the questions you answered into the discussion post. You will still need to include a scholarly nursing source for support as stated on the discussion rubric.
Autonomy
Autonomy essentially means “self-rule,” and it is a patient’s most basic right. As such, it is a health care worker’s responsibility to respect the autonomy of patients. However, at times this can be difficult because it can conflict with the paternalistic attitude of many health care professionals. The following two cases address patient autonomy. The first involves the rights of an individual to decide her own fate, even against her physicians’ judgments. The second case involves the rights of a parent to care for her child in the manner that she sees fit.
Autonomy Case 1:
A woman enters the emergency room with stomach pain. She undergoes a CT scan and is diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm, a weakening in the wall of the aorta which causes it to stretch and bulge (this is very similar to what led to actor John Ritter’s death). The physicians inform her that the only way to fix the problem is surgically, and that the chances of survival are about 50/50. They also inform her that time is of the essence, and that should the aneurysm burst, she would be dead in a few short minutes. The woman is an erotic dancer; she worries that the surgery will leave a scar that will negatively affect her work; therefore, she refuses any surgical treatment. Even after much pressuring from the physicians, she adamantly refuses surgery. Feeling that the woman is not in her correct state of mind and knowing that time is of the essence, the surgeons decide to perform the procedure without consent. They anesthetize her and surgically repair the aneurysm. She survives, and sues the hospital for millions of dollars.
Questions for Autonomy Case 1:
Do you believe that the physician’s actions can be justified in any way?
Is there anything else that they could have done?
Is it ever right to take away someone’s autonomy? (Would a court order make the physicians’ decisions ethical?)
What would you do if you were one of the nurses caring for this patient?

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Autonomy Case 2:
You are an advanced nurse practitioner and a mother comes into your office with her child who is complaining of flu-like symptoms. Upon entering the room, you ask the boy to remove his shirt and you notice a pattern of very distinct bruises on the boy’s torso. You ask the mother where the bruises came from, and she tells you that they are from a procedure she performed on him known as “cao gio,” which is also known as “coining.” The procedure involves rubbing warm oils or gels on a person’s skin with a coin or other flat metal object. The mother explains that cao gio is used to raise out bad blood, and improve circulation and healing. When you touch the boy’s back with your stethoscope, he winces in pain from the bruises. You debate whether or not you should call Child Protective Services and report the mother.
Questions for Autonomy Case 2:
Should we completely discount this treatment as useless, or could there be something gained from it?
When should a nurse step in to stop a cultural practice?
Should the nurse be concerned about alienating the mother and other people of her ethnicity from modern medicine?
Do you think that the nurse should report the mother? Why or why not?
Euthanasia
The terms “euthanasia”, assisted suicide and physician-assisted suicide differ in that euthanasia means a physician directly administers a lethal dose of drugs (most common method) to end a persons life. It can be voluntary, non-voluntary, or involuntary. Euthanasia is illegal in all 50 states. Assisted suicide is where a layperson assists a patient to end their own life. And physician-assisted suicide, is where a physician provides the drugs to the patient to administer themselves1. There are currently six states in the US that legally allows for physician-assisted suicide (Oregon, Washington, Montana [only by court ruling], Vermont, Vermont, and California2). Euthanasia advocates stress that it should be allowed as an extension of a person’s autonomy. Those who are against euthanasia often say that it can lead to the devaluation of human life, and to a slippery slope in which the old and disabled will be killed on the whims of healthy people.
1. Nightingale Alliance (n.d.) Facts and Definitions. Retrieved from http://www.nightingalealliance.org/fast-facts.html
2. State-by-state guide to physician-assisted suicide. ProCon.org. Retrieved from http://euthanasia.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=000132
Euthanasia Case 1:
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