What concepts from the various theories could be used in planning the 65-year-old woman’s care?
What concepts from the various theories could be used in planning the 65-year-old woman’s care?
There are numerous concepts from behavioral science theories that can be applied when caring for 65-year-old woman who is expressing fear and depression regarding her upcoming mastectomy due to breast cancer. One particular theory that may be helpful in this case study is Lazarus’ theory on stress, coping and adaptation. Because the patient is exhibiting more of a psychological than a physiological response to her condition (McEwen & Wills, 2014), Lazarus’ theory can assist the nurse in providing appropriate interventions aimed at helping the patient cope with her fear and depression. Two key concepts in this model are the person-environment-relationship and appraisals (McEwen & Wills, 2014). In assessment of the person-environment-relationship concept, the nurse should assess factors such as values, beliefs, social supports and networks, and demands and constraints that may be impacting the patient’s ability to effectively cope with the upcoming mastectomy and the diagnosis of cancer. Utilizing this model requires the nurse to gain an understanding of how the patient perceives the threat that is causing the anxiety and depression. This is referred to as the patient’s cognitive appraisal of the stressor (McEwen & Wills, 2014). The nurse may be more successful, in this case, with emotion-focused coping as opposed to problem-focused (person-environment-relationship) coping as it is out of the nurse’s and the patient’s control to change the situation (pending mastectomy and cancer diagnosis).
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